1. as 句型
(1) as引导方式状语从句句型：“按照……;正如……”
例：As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.
正如(像) 你们国家一样，我们北方种植小麦，南方种植水稻。
(2) as+形容词/副词原级+(a /an)+名词+as ;
否定式：not as/so --- as
例：He is as good a player as his sister.
他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。
(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于……
例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said.
她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。
(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于……
例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box.
他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。
(5) such...as... 象……之类的…… (接名词或定语从句)
例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.
他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。
(6) the same +名词+as 和……一样的…… (接名词或定语从句)
例：He is not the same man as he used to be.
他不是从前的那样子了。
(7) as 引导非限制性定语从句
例：As is known to us, knowledge is power.
众所周知，知识就是力量。
(8)引导时间状语从句，与while意义相近
例：We get wiser as we get older.
随着我们长大，我们也变得越来越聪明。
(9) 引导原因状语从句，与 because的用法相近
例：As it was getting very late, we soon turned back.
因为越来越迟了，所以我们不久就回来了。
(10) 引导让步状语从句
例：Child as he is, he knows much about science.
尽管他是一个小孩，但他对科学了解得很多。
2. prefer 句型
(1) prefer to do sth
例：I prefer to stay at home.
我宁愿呆在家里。
(2) prefer doing sth
例：I prefer playing in defence.
我喜欢打防守。
(3) prefer sb to do sth
例：Would you prefer me to stay?
你愿意我留下来吗?
(4) prefer to do sth rather than do sth ……
宁愿…...而不愿...
例句：I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去.
(5) prefer doing sth to doing sth
例：I prefer watching football to playing it.
我喜欢看篮球，不喜欢打篮球。
(6) prefer sth to sth
例：I prefer tea to coffee.
我要茶不要咖啡。
3. when 句型
(1) be doing sth...when...
例：He was still smiling when the door opened and his wife came in.
他正笑着的时候门突然开了，他妻子走了进来。
(2) be about to do sth ... when ...
例：We were about to start when it began to rain.
我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。
(3) had just done ... when ...
例：I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang.
在劳累了一天之后我刚刚就寝，电话铃就响了。
4. seem 句型
(1) It +seems + that从句
例：It seemed that everyone was satisfied.
看来好像每个人都很满意。
(2) It seems to sb that ...
例：It seems to me that she is right.
我看她是对的，
(3) There seems to be ...
例：There seems to be a heavy rain.
看上去要有一场大雨。
(4) It seems as if ...
例：It seemed that she couldn't come to class.
看样子她不能来上课了。
5. 表示“相差……;增加了……;增加到……”句型
(1) She is taller than I by three inches.
她比我高三英寸
(2) There is one year between us.
我们之间相差一岁。
(3) She is three years old than I.
她比我大三岁。
(4) They have increased the price by 50%.
他们把价格上涨了50%
(5) His salary has rised to 10,000 yuan per month.
他的工资已经涨到了每月10,000元。
6. what 引导的名词性从句
(1) what 引导主语从句
例：What surprised me is that everybody seemed to be very indifferent to her.
让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡。
[ indifferent adj.不关心的;冷漠的]
(2) what 引导宾语从句
例：We can learn what we do not know.
我们能学会我们不懂的东西。
(3) what 引导表语从句
例：That is what I want.
那正是我所要的。
(4) what 引导同位语从句
例：I have no idea what they are talking about.
我不知道他们正在谈论什么。
7. too句型
(1) too ... to do ...
例：Politics is too important to be left to the politicians.(=Politics is so important that it can't be left to the politicians.)
政治太重要了，不能由政治家来决定。
(2) only too ... to do ...
例：I shall be only too pleased to get home.
我要回到家里就非常高兴。
(3) too + adj + for sth
例：These shoes are much too small for me.
我穿这双鞋太小了。
(4) too + adj + a + n.
例：This is too difficult a text for me. 这篇课文对我来说太难了。
(5) can't … too +形容词 无论……也不为过
例：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
8. where 句型
(1) where 引导的定语从句
例：This is the house where he lived last year.
这就是他去年住过的房子。
(2) where 引导的状语从句
例：Where there is a will，there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
He left his key where he could find.
他将钥匙放在易找到的地方。
I will go where I want to go.
我要去我想去的地方。
(3) where 引导的表语从句
例：This is where you are wrong.
这正是你错的地方。
9. wish 句型
(1) wish that sb did sth 希望某人现在做某事
例：I wish I were as strong as you.
我希望和你一样强壮。
(2) wish that sb had done sth 希望某人过去做某事
例：I wish you had told me earlier
要是你早点告诉我就好了。
(3) wish that sb would/could do sth 希望某人将来做某事
例：I wish you would succeed this time.
我希望你这次会成功。
10. would rather 句型
(1) would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿做……而不愿做……
例：She would rather die than turn against his motherland.
她宁可死也不去背叛祖国。
(2) would rather have done sth 宁愿过去做过某事
例：I would rather have taken his advice.
我宁愿过去接受他的意见。
(3) would rather sb had done sth 宁愿某人过去做过某事
例：I would rather I had passed the examination last week.
我真希望通过上星期的考试。
(4) would rather sb did sth 宁愿某人现在或将来做某事
例：Who would you rather went with you?
你宁愿谁和你一起去?
11. before 句型
(1) before sb can/ could … 某人还没来得及……
例：Before I could get in a word ，he had measured me.
我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。
(2) It will be +时间+ before + 还有多长时间……
例：It will be 4 years before he graduates.
他还有四年时间变毕业了。
(3) had done some time before (才……)
例：We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.
我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。
(4) had not done ... before ... 不到……就……
例：We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired.
我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。
(5) It was not +一段时间+ before 不多久就……
例：It wasn’t two years before he left the country.
还没到两年他们离开了那国家。
12. 强调句型
(1) It is /was +被强调部分+that(who)...
例：It was I who wrote to my uncle yesterday.
是我昨天给我叔叔写信的。
(2) Is/was it + 被强调部分 + that (who) ...
例：Was it your brother that you met in the street?
在街上你遇见的是你兄弟吗?
(3) Where/who/what/how等特殊疑问词 + is/was it that ...
例：How is it that you will go to visit her tomorrow?
明天你究竟怎样去看望她?
(4) do/does/did +谓语动词 (强调谓语)
例：They do know the place well.
他们的确很熟悉那个地方。
13. 用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型
(1)would like to/ would love to have done sth.
例：I would like to have written to you.
我本想给你写信的。
(2) was / were going to do sth.(用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么)
例：Lucy was going to watch a basketball match.
Lucy 原打算看一场篮球比赛。
1. be doing/ be about to do/be on the point of doing/had done…, when…（when：这时， 强调一个动作的突然发生）
1) I was walking along the river, when I heard a drowning boy cry for help.
2) I was about to leave when it began to rain.3) I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang, announcing the exam was over.
2. It was(not) +时间段+before +一般过去时“过了一段时间就……” It will(not) be+时间段+before +一般现在时“要过一段时间才会……” It is/ has been +时间段+ since… It was+点时间+ when… It was+时间状语+ that…（强调句）
1) It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境危险。（动作已发生）
2) It will be half a year before you graduate from the school.还有半年你才从这个学校毕业。（动作未发生）
3) It is 3 years since he worked here. = he left here.（since从句中的谓语动词若是延续性动词，要从这个动作结束的时候算起）
4) It was 3 o’clock when they received the telephone.
5) It was at 3 o’clock that they received the telephone.
3. once… 一旦……，表示时间和条件
1) Once you start, you will never give up.
2) Once you understand what the teacher explained, you will have no difficulty doing the work.
4. the +比较级……，the +比较级……“越……越……”The more books you read, the more knowledge you will get.
5. whether…or…无论是……还是……
1) Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned.
2) Any person, whether young or old, has his own worth.
6. 祈使句+or/otherwise +结果句或祈使句+ and +结果句
1) Stop doing such a foolish thing, or you will be punished in time.
2) More effort, and the problem would have been settled.
7. every time/each time/next time/the first time/any time等短语引导时间状语从句，表示“每当，每次，下次，第一次，任何时候”。
1) Every time you meet with new words while reading, don’t always refer to your dictionary.
2) Next time you come, do remember to bring your son here.
3) You are welcome to come back any time you want to.
8. There is(no) need to do…
There is(no)hope/chance/possibility of doing…
There is(no)difficulty/trouble/point/delay( in )doing
1) Is there any chance of our winning the match?
2) There is no point in discussing the problem again.
9. it 强调句：基本构成形式：It is/ was +被强调部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分
I met him in the street yesterday afternoon.
It was I who/that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调是我，不是别人）
It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.（强调是在大街上，不是在别的地方，强调的是地点，但不用where）
It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street.（强调是昨天下午，不是在别的时候，强调的是时间，但不用when)
10. not... until直到……才
1) The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.
2) It was not until all the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was.（强调句）
3) Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.（倒装句）
11. not only…but (also)…
引导并列结构：作主语时，谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致。Not only the teacher but also the students have their eyes examined regularly.not only... but (also)…引导并列句时，not only引导的部分置于句首时要部分倒装。
1) Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship was taken away.
2) Not only should we students study hard, but also we should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time.
12. would rather +从句（从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式， 表示现在或将来的愿望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成市，表示对过去的愿望）
1) I’d rather you posted the letter right now.
我想让你现在就把信寄出去。
2) I’d rather I hadn’t seen her yesterday.
我情愿昨天没见到她。
13. so, neither/nor 引导得倒装表示“另一者也如此”及前者的情况也适用于后者，用so, neither/nor引导的倒装句，助动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词。
1) He has finished his homework, so have I.
2) My sister prefers coffee, so do I.
3) John can’t ride a bicycle, neither/nor can I.若前句的谓语动词既有肯定又有否定形式时，或谓语动词不属于一类时，用It is/was the same with sb.或So it is/was with sb.
4) He is a worker and he works hard, so it is with John.若后一句是对前一句所说的内容表示赞同或认可，则主语和谓语不倒装。
1) — It is cold today. — Yes. So it is
2) — He visited Tokyo last week. — Yes. So he did.
14. 倍数表达法：
A+谓语+倍数+ the + n.(size/ height/ length…) + of B
A+谓语+倍数+ as + abj. + as B
A+谓语+倍数+ adj.比较级+ than B
A +谓语+ adj.比较级+than B + by +倍数
1) This square is twice the size of that one. This square is twice as large as that one. This square is once larger than that one.
2) This factory produced three times as many cars as they did 10 years ago.
3) He is 3 years older than IHe is older than I by 3 years.
15. as/with表示“随……进展”，as后面接句子，with后面接短语。
1) With the industry developing, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.
2) As the industry develops, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.
16. with的复合结构(作状语或作定语)with + n. + adj. (with可以省略)
1) (With) the street wet and slippery, we had to ride our bikes slowly and carefully.Because the street were wet and slippery, …
2) The students were listening to the teacher, (with) their eyes wide open.The students were listening to the teacher, and their eyes were wide open.with+ n. + adv. (with可以省略)
1) He put on his coat hurriedly, (with) the wrong side out.
with + n. + prep-phrase (with可以省略)
1) The old man was seated in the sofa, (with) a pipe in his mouth.with + n.+ to do/to be done (动词不定式的动作还未进行)
with + n.+ doing/being done (动词不定式的动作正在进行)
with + n.+ done (动词不定式的动作已经完成或指n.所处的状态)
1) With so many problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard year.
2) He was lying in bed, with his eyes fixed on the ceiling.
3) With the temple being repaired, we can’t visited it.
17. 以here, there, in, out, up, down, away等副词开头的倒装句(多用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作)。
1) Here comes the bus! (=The bus is coming here!)
2) Away he went. 他走远了。(若主语是代词则主语与谓语不倒装)
18. 方位状语位于句首时的倒装句。
1) In front of the house stopped a police car.
2) Under the tree sat a boy, with a book in his hand.
19. 具有否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时句子要部分倒装。
常用的有：little, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, no sooner, in no time, by no means, in no case等。